Concatenate (General Concept)

Concatenating two or more strings is creating a new string consisting of the characters of the first string followed by the characters of the subsequent string(s) in their original order. SPSS CONCAT Function Concatenating in SPSS is done by the CONCAT function. The most basic usage is COMPUTE A = CONCAT(B,C,D). Note that you can concatenate only strings. For concatenating numbers, […]

Substring (General Concept)

A substring is a subset of characters from a string. Extracting substrings in SPSS is done with CHAR.SUBSTR (SPSS versions 16+) or just SUBSTR (SPSS versions 15-). CHAR.SUBSTR takes two or three arguments as shown by the minimal example below. SPSS CHAR.SUBSTR – Minimal Example COMPUTE var_2 = CHAR.SUBSTR(var_1,3,2). The three arguments mean the following: var_1 denotes the variable […]

Sampling Distribution

A sampling distribution is the frequency distribution of a statistic over many random samples from a single population.Sampling distributions are at the very core of inferential statistics but poorly explained by most standard textbooks. The reasoning may take a minute to sink in but when it does, you’ll truly understand common statistical procedures such as ANOVA or a chi-square test. […]

Histogram – What Is It?

A histogram is a chart that shows frequencies for equal width intervals of values of a metric variable. Histogram – Example A company wants to know how monthly salaries are distributed over 1,110 employees having operational, middle or higher management level jobs. The screenshot below shows what their raw data look like. Since these salaries […]