Creating Bar Charts with Means by Category

One of the most common research questions is do different groups have different mean scores on some variable? This question is best answered in 3 steps: create a table showing mean scores per group -you’ll probably want to include the frequencies and standard deviations as well; create a chart showing mean scores per group; run some statistical test –ANOVA in this case. However, this […]

SPSS ALTER TYPE Reporting Wrong Values?

In some cases, ALTER TYPE in SPSS version 24 seems to report incorrect altered values when converting a string to a numeric value. This results in messed up data while SPSS reports that everything is fine. Let’s try and replicate the problem with the example below. Example We imported some .csv data in which some numeric values were flagged with an “a”. This indicates […]

SPSS Sum – Cautionary Note

Summary In SPSS, SUM(v1,v2) is not always equivalent to v1 + v2. This tutorial explains the difference and shows how to make the right choice here. Different Ways of Taking Sums have Different Outcomes when Missing Values are Present Explanation In SPSS, v1 + v2 + v3 will result in a system missing value if at least one missing value is present in v1, […]